To compact or not to compact the GP: what is the current state of art?
Compaction of the gutta-percha is undoubtedly the most taught principle for the filling of prepared root canals worldwide. It is usually intuitively associated with a superior technical quality, improved sealing ability and higher success rate. Unfortunately, the literature points to the opposite. While several techniques have been proposed for cold and hot compaction of the GP, the industry brings fancy and expensive devices to the market turning them into highly desired gadgets inside the Endodontist imaginarium. For the sake of the audience we are focused on dismithfying such an idea, by bringing a top-notch and well constructed argument towards simplification of the filling procedure.
Tips & hints for the clinical management of calcifications in Endodontics.
Totally or partially calcified canals present a constant challenge in clinical endodontics.
Negotiating obliterated canals could be from difficult to nearly impossible. The risk of procedural accidents, such as perforation and instrument separation, is high. However, under the magnification provided by a dental operating microscope the whole procedure of dealing with obliterated canals could become very predictable. Complete root canal space obliteration associated with apical periodontitis is relatively rare. This lecture is designed to help the clinician deal predictably with challenging cases of partial or diffuse calcification in Endodontics.
Open apexes in adults, how to manage it?
Usually, wide canals and large apical foramina are associated in the mind of the doctor with teenage and children's teeth. Nevertheless, the condition of an open apex in adults is a fairly common situation. The etiology is not only trauma in childhood, but inflammatory resorption of the apical third, excessive preparation with files beyond the working length, and a previous root resection. The choice of treatment method in these cases is not limited to the MTA apical plug, but also includes apexification with Ca(OH)2, revascularization, as well as the fitting individual gutta-percha point and classical obturation gutta-percha- sealer. In some cases, microsurgery of the root tip is indicated. On the example of the author's clinical cases, solutions will be presented, possible materials and tools for these procedures will be discussed.
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